VULNERABILIDADE E EXFILTRAÇÃO: UMA ANÁLISE SISTÊMICA DA ROTA DE DADOS BRUTOS ATÉ A DARK WEB NO BRASIL

Abstract

The advancement of digital transformation in Brazil has expanded the production and storage of data as strategic assets, but it has also intensified data breaches due to technological vulnerabilities, configuration failures, and dependence on foreign infrastructures, as evidenced by reports from Kaspersky, CGI.br, and IBM Security. This study systematically analyzes the trajectory of data leakage—from illegal collection through phishing and malware, followed by silent exfiltration, distribution in restricted forums, and commercialization on the Dark Web, to its final use in fraud and further cyberattacks—highlighting an organized cybercriminal ecosystem that treats data as economic commodities. Through the analysis of governmental cases, recent statistics, and conceptual models, this study identified critical points of vulnerability and proposed integrated strategies for prevention, governance, and compliance with the LGPD in order to mitigate risks and disrupt this continuous cycle of exploitation.